Germanium




























































32

Gallium ← Germanium → Arsen

Si
↑
Ge
↓
Sn

Germanium i periodesystemet
Heile tabellen


Generelle eigenskapar

Namn, kjemisk symbol,
atomnummer

Germanium, Ge, 32

Kjemisk serie

Halvmetall

Gruppe, periode, blokk

14, 4, p

Tettleik, hardleik
5323 kg/m3, 6 (ikkje SI)

Utsjånad
Gråkvitt
Germanium

Atomeigenskapar

Atommasse
72,64 u (ikkje SI)

Atomradius (berekna)
125 (125) pm

Kovalent radius
122 pm

Ioneradius
67 pm (ladning: +4)

van der Waals radius

(?) pm

Elektronkonfigurasjon
[Ar]3d104s24p2displaystyle 3d^104s^24p^2

Elektron per energinivå
2, 8, 18, 4

Oksidasjonstrinn (oksid)

+4 (amfotært)

Krystallstruktur
Kubisk flatesentrert

Fysiske eigenskapar

Tilstandsform

Fast stoff

Smeltepunkt
1211,40 K (938,25°C)

Kokepunkt
3106 K (2833°C)

Molart volum
13,63 cm3/mol

Fordampingsvarme
334 kJ/mol

Smeltevarme
36,94 kJ/mol

Damptrykk
7,46·10−5Pa ved 1210 K

Ljodfart
5400 m/s ved 20 °C

Diverse eigenskapar

Elektronegativitet
2,01 (Paulings skala)

Spesifikk varmekapasitet
23,222 J/(kg·K)

Elektrisk konduktivitet
1,45·10−6MS/m

Termisk konduktivitet
59,9 W/(m·K)

Ioniseringspotensial
762 kJ/mol
1537,5 kJ/mol
3302,1 kJ/mol
4411 kJ/mol
9020 kJ/mol

Mest stabile isotopar



































Iso-
top

Naturleg
førekomst

Halverings-
tid (ikkje SI)

NM

NE MeV
(ikkje SI)

NP

68Ge
(kunstig) 		270,8 døgn
ε
(?)
68Ga

70Ge 		21,23%
(stabilt)

71Ge
(kunstig) 		11,26 døgn ε
(?)
71Ga

72Ge
27,66%
(stabilt)

73Ge 		7,73%
(stabilt)

74Ge 		35,94%
(stabilt)

76Ge 		7,44%
(stabilt)

SI-einingar og STP er brukt unntatt der det er avmerkt

Germanium er eit grunnstoff med kjemisk symbol Ge og atomnummer 32. Det er eit halvmetall og er plassert i gruppe 14 i periodesystemet.



Bruk |


Germanium kan brukast som katalysator, i legeringar og som halvleiar.



Sjå også |


  • Periodesystemet

  • Grunnstoffliste

  • Isotoptabell


Bakgrunnsstoff |



  • Webelements - Germanium

    Spire Denne fysikkartikkelen er ei spire. Du kan hjelpe Nynorsk Wikipedia gjennom å utvide han.



Autoritetsdata

  • WorldCat

  • GND

  • LCCN

  • BNF

  • BNF (data)

  • NDL


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