Avogadros tal


Avogadros tal eller avogadrokonstanten er ein stor konstant brukt for å rekna i kjemi og fysikk. Talet er lik 6,0221367·1023, og er talet på molekyl i eitt mol av eit stoff.


Formelt blir stoffet definert som talet på karbon-12-atom i 12 gram av stoffet. Karbon-12 blei vald som utgangspunkt fordi ein også historisk kunne måla atommassen svært nøyaktig.


Talet er kalla opp etter den italienske vitskapsmannen Amedeo Avogadro, som levde på attenhundretalet. I 1811 gav han ut ein artikkel der han viste korleis 1) alle gassar ved 2) same temperatur og 3) same trykk og 4) same volum inneheldt same tal molekyl. Dette vert kalla Avogadro si lov.


Johann Josef Loschmidt var den første som fann fram til den numeriske verdien på talet, i 1865, og i tyskspråklege land har det òg vore vanleg å kalla konstanten «Loschmidts tal». Dessverre kan dette talet i eldre litteratur òg visa til talet på atom eller molekyl i ein kubikkcentimeter.



Spire Denne kjemiartikkelen er ei spire. Du kan hjelpe Nynorsk Wikipedia gjennom å utvide han.






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