Molekyl


Eit molekyl er ei kjemisk sambinding der atoma er bundne saman med elektronparbinding (kovalent binding). Ofte er berre nokre få atom bunde saman. Døme på dette er oksygengass (O2) og vatn (H2O), men det finst òg store molekyl som DNA-molekylet. Fleire små molekyl kan vera bundne saman i ein serie, og molekylet vert da kalla ein polymer.




Forenkla modell av eit benzenmolekyl med seks karbonatom inst og seks hydrogenatom rundt.


Bindingane i molekyl har retning. Bindingslengder og -vinklar er avhengige av kva atom som er bundne saman. Dette er med på å gje molekylet ein viss struktur. I store molekyl kan det òg vera hydrogenbindingar mellom ulike delar av molekylet.



Sjå òg |


  • Atom

  • Grunnstoff

  • Ion

  • Kjemi

  • Vatn









v • d • e

Partiklar i partikkelfysikk
Elementærpartiklar








Fermion





Kvarkar

u · u · d · d · c · c · s · s · t · t · b · b
Leptonar

e− · e+ · μ− · μ+ · τ− · τ+ · ν
e · ν
e · ν
μ · ν
μ · ν
τ · ν
τ
Boson





Gauge

γ · g · W± · Z
Skalar

H0
Andre

Spøkelse
Hypotetiske





Superpartnerar





Gaugino

Gluino · Gravitino
Andre

Aksino · Chargino · Higgsino · Nøytralino · Sfermion
Andre

A0 · Dilaton · G · J · Majorana-fermion · m · Takyon · X · Y · W' · Z' · Sterilt nøytrino
Samansette






Hadron






Baryon / Hyperon

N (p · n) · Δ · Λ · Σ · Ξ · Ω

Meson / Kvarkonia

π · ρ · η · η′ · φ · ω · J/ψ · Υ · θ · K · B · D · T
Andre

Atomkjernar · Atom · Dikvarar · Eksotiske atom (Positronium · Muonium · Tauonium · Onia) · Superatom · Molekyl
Hypotetiske





Eksotiske hadron





Eksotiske baryon

Dibaryon · Pentakvark · Skyrmion
Eksotiske meson

Glueball · Tetrakvark
Andre

Mesonisk molekyl · Pomeron
Kvasipartiklar
Davydovsoliton · Eksiton · Hol · Magnon · Fonon · Plasmaron · Plasmon · Polariton · Polaron · Roton · Trion


Autoritetsdata

  • Store Norske leksikon

  • GND

  • NDL


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