光学機器








光学機器（こうがくきき、英語: optical equipment[1]、optical instrument[2]）とは、光の作用や性質を利用した機器の総称である。レンズやミラー、プリズムなどで構成され、光の直進や屈折、反射、干渉などを利用する器械で、視覚に絡んだものや計測機器のようなものが多い。




目次






  • 1 主な光学機器


  • 2 光学変調素子


  • 3 光像式照準器


  • 4 脚注


  • 5 関連項目





主な光学機器


望遠鏡（双眼鏡）、顕微鏡、カメラ、内視鏡（ファイバースコープ）、プラネタリウムなどがあげられる。



光学変調素子


光学変調素子とは、光に外部からの信号により光の明滅や偏光、波長等の変調を加える素子である。ケルセルや液晶やPLZTのような強誘電体による音響光学素子や、MEMS技術を応用したGxL素子やファラデー効果による偏光の変調がある。


白熱電球やアーク灯等、光源の種類の限られていた時代に、通信や計測等に使用された。近年では半導体レーザー等の光源の出力を直接変えることによって変調するため、光学変調素子の用途は限られている。



ケルセル


有機溶媒を満たした管の内部に電界をかけることにより、透過する光に明滅を与える。

ファラデー素子

ファラデー素子の周囲に巻かれたコイルに電圧をかけることにより、磁場が変化することにより、入ってきた偏光の角度がねじれる。コイルのインダクタンスにより高速の変調には適さない。

音響光学素子


強誘電性の結晶に電圧をかけることにより、結晶の格子定数が変化し，屈折率が変わる。これにより変調をかける。



光像式照準器


光像を半透明鏡を用いて空間上に浮かび上がらせることによって、あたかも空間上に照準線が存在するかのような視界が得られる。



脚注





  1. ^ 文部省、日本天文学会編 『学術用語集 天文学編』 日本学術振興会、1994年、増訂版。.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 4-8181-9404-2。    [リンク切れ]


  2. ^ 文部省、日本分光学会編 『学術用語集 分光学編』 培風館、1999年、増訂版。
    ISBN 4-563-04567-5。




関連項目





ウィキメディア・コモンズには、optical instrumentsとoptical devicesに関連するカテゴリがあります。


  • 機械

  • 光学








-

Popular posts from this blog

Was Woodrow Wilson really a Liberal?Was World War I a war of liberals against authoritarians?Founding Fathers...

Image
Do VLANs within a subnet need to have their own subnet for router on a stick? What are the differences between the usage of 'it' and 'they'? Dragon forelimb placement How do we improve the relationship with a client software team that performs poorly and is becoming less collaborative? What typically incentivizes a professor to change jobs to a lower ranking university? How to write a macro that is braces sensitive? Modeling an IPv4 Address Writing rule stating superpower from different root cause is bad writing Can I ask the recruiters in my resume to put the reason why I am rejected? Approximately how much travel t...
Read more

Integral that is continuous and looks like it converges to a geometric seriesTesting if a geometric series converges by taking limit to infinitySummation of arithmetic-geometric series of higher orderGeometric series with polynomial exponentHow to Recognize a Geometric SeriesShowing an integral equality with series over the integersDiscontinuity of a series of continuous functionsReasons why a Series ConvergesSum of infinite geometric series with two terms in summationUsing geometric series for computing IntegralsLimit of geometric series sum when $r = 1$

Image
Why did Rep. Omar conclude her criticism of US troops with the phrase "NotTodaySatan"? Contradiction proof for inequality of P and NP? What is meant by electrons moving to lower potential energy? Negative Resistance Zonal Statistics is returning null values in ArcGIS Desktop? Why do distances seem to matter in the Foundation world? Injection into a proper class and choice without regularity A faster way to compute the largest prime factor "Whatever a Russian does, they end up making the Kalashnikov gun"? Are there any similar proverbs in English? Do I need to watch Ant-Man and the Wasp and Captain Marvel before watching Avengers: Endgame? How bug prioritization works in agile projects vs non agile Is this a typo in Section 1.8.1 Mathematics for Computer Science? Drawing a german abacus as in the books of Adam Ries How to have a sharp product image? Creating a chemical industry from a medieval tech level without petroleum Partitioning va...
Read more

Why is system upgrade showing unstable version when upgrading in backend?System Settings > System Upgrade link does not existsComposer Error While upgrading magento version 2.1.6 to 2.2.2How to upgrade magento 1.4.0.0 to above 1.6 versionIssue with upgrading Magento Version from 2.1.7 to 2.1.12Magento 2.2.5: Error on running setup: upgrade after upgrading Magento from 2.2.2 to 2.2.5Are there any Magento Code Release Notes?getting error when upgrading from Magento 2.1.5 to Magento 2.2.6Will the installed third party plugins upgrade when we upgrade Magento version via composerWhy PHP Settings Check and Checking Component Dependency showing error during Magento 2.3 upgrade?Fatal error: Out of memory (in composer) during upgrade Magento2.2.1 to Magento 2.3 when run composer update command

Image
Can a Knock spell open the door to Mordenkainen's Magnificent Mansion? Writing in a Christian voice Would this string work as string? Turning a hard to access nut? New Order #2: Turn My Way Capacitor electron flow How can I, as DM, avoid the Conga Line of Death occurring when implementing some form of flanking rule? How to preserve electronics (computers, ipads, phones) for hundreds of years? Pre-Employment Background Check With Consent For Future Checks Started in 1987 vs. Starting in 1987 Calculate Pi using Monte Carlo What (if any) is the reason to buy in small local stores? How to test the sharpness of a knife? Center page as a whole without centering each element individually Unfrosted light bulb Trouble reading roman numeral notation with flats Why is implicit conversion not ambiguous for non-primitive types? Why would five hundred and five same as one? What is the period/term used describe Giuseppe Arcimboldo's style of painting? Wha...
Read more