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Combination of causative-passive and intransive verb with a direct object?

When is 終わる used as a transitive verb?Is Mierareru the potential form of Mieru?Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are identical (at least for える/いる verbs)?Passive-transitive-verb vs. Intransitive-verb （他動詞の受け身 vs. 自動詞)Dictionary entry and derived forms, were they equal at some point?causative passive potential formを without a transitive verb?Causative-Potential or Causative-Passiverelative clause with Causative-Passive Verbcausative, passive, causative-passiveChoosing に over を in 使役形 depends not solely on the verb受け身形, 使役形, and 使役受け身形: A side by side comparison practiceIs there a good etymological reason why the potential form in Japanese requires the が particle?

4

2

I am struggling to understand this sentence’s structure:

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I think I get the idea of causative-passive as in “I was being made to finish the homework”. However, I noticed that we have the intransitive verb 終わる and not the transitive 終える. But we also have a direct object 宿題. Unless I am the object in this case? I am really confused.

Would this sentence translate to:

I couldn’t be made to finish the homework in time.

Or to:
I couldn’t be made to be finished with the homework in time.

Also, I can’t think of a way not to add the ‘potential form’ in English. Is there a potential form hidden there somewhere in Japanese?

parsing passive-voice potential-form causation

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

New contributor

MJHawke is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
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• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  also relevant: japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/5043/…
  
  – Ringil
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

4

2

I am struggling to understand this sentence’s structure:

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I think I get the idea of causative-passive as in “I was being made to finish the homework”. However, I noticed that we have the intransitive verb 終わる and not the transitive 終える. But we also have a direct object 宿題. Unless I am the object in this case? I am really confused.

Would this sentence translate to:

I couldn’t be made to finish the homework in time.

Or to:
I couldn’t be made to be finished with the homework in time.

Also, I can’t think of a way not to add the ‘potential form’ in English. Is there a potential form hidden there somewhere in Japanese?

parsing passive-voice potential-form causation

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

New contributor

MJHawke is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  also relevant: japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/5043/…
  
  – Ringil
  5 hours ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

I am struggling to understand this sentence’s structure:

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I think I get the idea of causative-passive as in “I was being made to finish the homework”. However, I noticed that we have the intransitive verb 終わる and not the transitive 終える. But we also have a direct object 宿題. Unless I am the object in this case? I am really confused.

Would this sentence translate to:

I couldn’t be made to finish the homework in time.

Or to:
I couldn’t be made to be finished with the homework in time.

Also, I can’t think of a way not to add the ‘potential form’ in English. Is there a potential form hidden there somewhere in Japanese?

parsing passive-voice potential-form causation

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

New contributor

MJHawke is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

New contributor

MJHawke is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this question

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

New contributor

MJHawke is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

edited 8 hours ago

Eiríkr Útlendi

17.3k13263

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

New contributor

MJHawke is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

asked 10 hours ago

MJHawkeMJHawke

212

1 Answer
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3

(ら)れる has both a potential meaning and a passive meaning (along with other two less common meanings). For example, 食べられる means both "to be able to eat" and "to be eaten". In your sentence, れる has a potential meaning.

• 終わる: (simple intransitive verb) "to end"


• 終わらせる: [causative] "to make something end" (i.e., "to finish something")


• 終わらせられる: [causative-potential] "can make something end"


• 終わらせられない: [negative-causative-potential] "cannot make something end"


• 終わらせられなかった: [past-negative-causative-potential] "could not make something end"

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

You can say the same thing using the transitive verb 終える:

宿題を時間内に終えられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

Related: Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are identical (at least for える/いる verbs)?

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299

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3

(ら)れる has both a potential meaning and a passive meaning (along with other two less common meanings). For example, 食べられる means both "to be able to eat" and "to be eaten". In your sentence, れる has a potential meaning.

• 終わる: (simple intransitive verb) "to end"


• 終わらせる: [causative] "to make something end" (i.e., "to finish something")


• 終わらせられる: [causative-potential] "can make something end"


• 終わらせられない: [negative-causative-potential] "cannot make something end"


• 終わらせられなかった: [past-negative-causative-potential] "could not make something end"

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

You can say the same thing using the transitive verb 終える:

宿題を時間内に終えられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

Related: Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are identical (at least for える/いる verbs)?

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299

add a comment | 

3

(ら)れる has both a potential meaning and a passive meaning (along with other two less common meanings). For example, 食べられる means both "to be able to eat" and "to be eaten". In your sentence, れる has a potential meaning.

• 終わる: (simple intransitive verb) "to end"


• 終わらせる: [causative] "to make something end" (i.e., "to finish something")


• 終わらせられる: [causative-potential] "can make something end"


• 終わらせられない: [negative-causative-potential] "cannot make something end"


• 終わらせられなかった: [past-negative-causative-potential] "could not make something end"

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

You can say the same thing using the transitive verb 終える:

宿題を時間内に終えられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

Related: Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are identical (at least for える/いる verbs)?

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299

add a comment | 

(ら)れる has both a potential meaning and a passive meaning (along with other two less common meanings). For example, 食べられる means both "to be able to eat" and "to be eaten". In your sentence, れる has a potential meaning.

• 終わる: (simple intransitive verb) "to end"


• 終わらせる: [causative] "to make something end" (i.e., "to finish something")


• 終わらせられる: [causative-potential] "can make something end"


• 終わらせられない: [negative-causative-potential] "cannot make something end"


• 終わらせられなかった: [past-negative-causative-potential] "could not make something end"

宿題を時間内に終わらせられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

You can say the same thing using the transitive verb 終える:

宿題を時間内に終えられなかった。

I could not finish my homework in time.

Related: Is there a reason why the passive and the potential form are identical (at least for える/いる verbs)?

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299

share|improve this answer

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299

answered 8 hours ago

narutonaruto

160k8153299